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NIHONGO WORK ── JLPT N5 KANJI ORIGINS

名 前 国 私 父

Set 01 of 29 · 5 characters

SECTION 01

🖼️ Where did these kanji come from?

Each kanji began as a picture. Follow the journey from real-world image → ancient script → modern kanji for each character in this set.

name
ONメイ・ミョウ
KUN
Compound Ideograph

The character 名 shows a mouth (口) speaking in the dark of night (夕) — because at night you cannot see someone, you must call out their name to identify them.

calling a name in the dark
real-world image
ancient glyph
ancient form
mei / na name
before / front
ONゼン
KUNまえ
Compound Ideograph

Originally depicted a boat moving forward — the direction you are heading: in front. The knife radical suggests cutting ahead through water.

boat moving forward
real-world image
ancient glyph
ancient form
zen / mae before / front
country
ONコク
KUNくに
Compound Ideograph

A border (口) enclosing a person with a spear (或) — the image of a country as a territory defended and bounded by its people.

a land within borders
real-world image
ancient glyph
ancient form
koku / kuni country
I / me / private
ON
KUNわたし
Compound Ideograph

Originally showed a grain plant (禾) with a hand reaching privately (ム) — taking grain for oneself. The idea of private ownership became 'I'.

grain plant + private hand
real-world image
ancient glyph
ancient form
shi / watashi I / me
father
ON
KUNちち
Pictograph

A hand holding a stick — an image of authority and guidance. In ancient times, the father was the one who guided with a staff.

hand holding a staff
real-world image
ancient glyph
ancient form
fu / chichi father
SECTION 02

📖 Key Words Using These Kanji

See how each kanji appears in everyday Japanese words.

mei / na · name

名前なまえname
有名ゆうめいfamous
名刺めいしbusiness card
名前を呼ぶなまえをよぶto call someone's name

zen / mae · before

名前なまえname
午前ごぜんmorning (AM)
前日ぜんじつthe day before
前にまえにbefore / in front

koku / kuni · country

外国がいこくforeign country
国語こくごJapanese language
国際こくさいinternational
中国ちゅうごくChina

shi / watashi · I

わたしI / me
私立しりつprivate (school)
私生活しせいかつprivate life
私鉄してつprivate railway

fu / chichi · father

ちち(my) father
お父さんおとうさんfather (polite)
父親ちちおやfather (formal)
祖父そふgrandfather
SECTION 03

✏️ Reading Quiz

Each question shows a word containing the kanji you learned. Choose the correct reading. ON = Chinese reading  ·  KUN = Japanese reading.